Equipment out-of Individual Nutrients, Department of Dining Research and you can Human Diet, Agricultural College off Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.Meters.); (V.B.); (A beneficial.Z.)
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Conceptual
All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink
step one. Addition
Drinks on the kinds of beverage, java, milk, liquid, soft drinks, eating plan products, energy beverages and you may alcoholic beverages are available in a large and you will increasing quantity of possibilities. Assortment joins flavor preferences, nutritional conditions, and you may life demands, and if some drinks come, it is more likely to arrived at euhydration .
Beverages lead as much as twenty-five%–50% regarding drinking habits [2,step three,4], therefore they are necessary for fulfilling day-after-day liquids requires charmdate date and having euhydration. Moisture might have been regarding the repairs regarding typical bodily and you may cognitive features .
But not, it’s been debated one to beverages lead significantly into the broadening being obese costs international [six,7], mainly because of the energy blogs [8,nine,10]. In some knowledge, Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSB) practices might have been associated with the gaining weight in kids and grownups , while facts one to decreasing SSBs commonly reduce steadily the chance of carrying excess fat and related disorder such as type 2 diabetes could have been seen as the powerful . Times consumption out-of drinks has increased substantially over the past forty age from the around 222 calories for every people a day .
Still, products from the certain kinds do not contribute equally so you can times intake . The ability content of the drink in addition to practices models may suggest if you don’t, i.age., specific caloric drinks tends to be consumed rarely ergo contributing hardly any to help you every single day opportunity consumption. This has been contended one substitution sweetened caloric drinks having liquids will help beat total time intake within the overweight customers . Still, use of sweetened caloric beverages try a complicated situation that may be considered outside of the caloric share plus in this new perspective regarding weightloss designs .
Also, at exactly the same time in order to food consumption, certain facts including seasonality, physical working out levels and sex may affect the fresh new diversity inside take in selection and you can contribution so you can total time intake. This type of facts have not been totally examined; subsequent training in this area have a tendency to elucidate the current question of energy intake of fat loss offer and from beverages in particular.
Into the a past studies held inside the Greece, using the Liquid Balance Survey (WBQ) tool, i discovered that for the 984 people, 24% out of intake of water is inspired by products . There clearly was an enthusiastic unequivocal need certainly to subsequent specialized throughout these results, elucidating the sum of products in order to total energy consumption and you can harmony.